Benefiting from its continued economic development since the beginning of the 21st century，Africa is increasingly confident and trying to develop its diplomatic autonomy，with different progresses in different fields. In political and security fields，Africa emphasizes autonomy when cooperating with the United Nations，negotiating economic partnership agreements with European Union，resisting the International Criminal Court，and handling domestic affairs of African countries. In economic and development areas，Africa improves its independence through upgrading regional development vision with the Africa Agenda 2063 and its First Ten-Year Implementation Plan，and participating into global governance especially global development governance by developing various common positions of Africa. And most importantly，learning from its history of financial deficits since establishment in early 21st century，African Union puts forward its feasible action plan for improving financial autonomy，meanwhile tries hard to mobilize domestic resources through upgrading African financial institutions under the framework of the Africa Agenda 2063. As a result of the relatively poor foundations，African recent efforts to pursue diplomatic autonomy still face significant constraints，which pose new challenges as well as provide opportunities for China-Africa cooperation.