Based on the culture cognition investigation of the public hospital among the medical staff，this article finds that there are many problems in cognition on the hospital culture connotation and function，and cognition on the current public hospital cultural construction of substance level，spirit level，behavior level and institutional level. Its reason mainly includes the superficial construction of mental hospital culture，the disjunction of material culture and spiritual culture，the deficiency of humanism core values，and the lack of constraint and timeliness on system construction. Countermeasure from four aspects should be put forward to foster the construction of public hospital culture：the humanistic spirit and harmonious hospital environment，mutual trust relationship in medical service and perfect management system.