The principal role of farmers in the country revitalization strategy is the upgrading of the rural industry，the green development of the countryside，the construction of the rural civilization，governance in the countryside，the shaping of the beautiful countryside and targeted approach to alleviating poverty etc. At present，the main reasons caused our country's farmer autonomy imbalance，dynamic imbalance，and lack of creativity are the small farmer mentality，urban-rural dual system and system deficiencies. Currently，In order to exert the principle role of farmers，we should smooth the relationship of rural property rights，improve the rural organizational system and promote their own all round development.