By the end of 2017，the nationwide carbon market has officially launched. Henan is a province with a large proportion of China’s economy，industry and population. The carbon emission of Henan is at a high level，and the carbon emission trading system will also has a significant impact on the province’s economic and social development. Based on the domestic pilot projects and national policy requirements，this paper elaborates the connotation of carbon emissions trading system and studies the development of carbon trading system in China. Based on the analysis of current carbon emissions in Henan Province，this paper analyzes the current situation of power generation，industrial structure，Etc. to explore the impact of carbon emissions trading on Henan. Finally，put forward the countermeasures and suggestions on promoting Henan’s carbon emissions trading.