本研究主要探索健康型城区建设的目标、途径和方法,特别是在中国文化背景下涉及的独特内容和运行规律。通过近三年的努力,本研究结果发现:第一,在中国文化下个体单独受排斥时确实比与他人共同受排斥时感受更为强烈;青少年跨群体友谊数量与更为积极的外群体态度相关联,跨群体友谊通过群际焦虑的中介作用对群际态度产生影响。第二,抗逆力对个体积极情绪、主观幸福感有正向影响;积极情绪和应对方式在抗逆力与工作投入之间起中介作用。第三,老年人社交网络对老年人身心健康有重要影响,社区应重视老年人渴望交流的精神需要,促进老年人和家人以外的社会伙伴沟通。第四,失智是严重威胁老年人身心健康的精神疾病,早期采取预防和干预措施,能够延缓或推迟失智的发生,并提高老年人生存的质量;社区建立预防老人失智工作服务点,积极开展各种干预服务,对于轻度认知功能受损的失智高危人群不失为行之有效的方法。第五,晚期癌症病人需要适应疾病所造成的角色的转换,他们面对的最大的挑战是如何走向死亡,要了解病人的这些精神需求,才能为完善临终关怀提供依据。第六,丧亲是人们一生中经常经历的应激事件,要了解丧亲社会支持对丧亲适应结果的影响机制,才能对丧亲适应结果产生更好的影响。第七,健康型城区建设模式的实践推进最为关键的因素是政府支持,应该加强对于健康型城区建设的理论、方法和途径的研究。
<<The study mainly explores different targets,approaches and methods of healthy urban area,especially the unique contents and operation rules under Chinese cultural background. After nearly a three years of efforts,great progress of theoretical foundation and practical promotion related to community management mode in healthy urban area has been obtained as following:First,social exclusion and inclusion experiment shows that social support could provide a potent protection when people’s social bonds are threatened. In particular,intergroup friendship quantity is associated with negative outgroup attitude. Second,resilience has positive impacts on personal positive emotion and subjective well-being. Positive emotion and coping style act as the mediators between resilience and work engagement. Third,Social networking for the elderly is significant to their physical and psychological health. The community should attach importance to the spiritual needs of old people,facilitating the communication with social partners other than family. The government is the principal provider of social support. Fourth,Dementia is a mental disease that threatens the elder. Early prevention and intervention actions could delay dementia,and improve the elders’ life quality. Establishing special community service station to prevent dementia as well as carrying out various intervention service would be efficient to those mild cognitional functional disorders. Fifth,terminal cancer patients should adapt themselves to the role reversal caused by diseases. One of the biggest challenges presented by them is to die. Only understanding these spiritual needs can provide the basis for a well-established hospice care. Sixth,bereavement is a stressful life event sometimes experienced by people. We need to know the determinants to bereavement adaptation of social support,then having a better impact on its result. Seventh,the government support is the most critical factor to healthy urban area mode practice,and we should intensify the related theoretical,methodological and pathway researches of healthy urban area.
<<Keywords: | Social ExclusionSocial InclusionCommunity CommunicationHospice CareDementia PatientsGrief Counseling |