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三社联动:社会组织与社区、社会工作互动机制建设——来自北京市东风地区...

摘要

传统意义的社区已经分崩离析,任何单一的服务主体都无法回应日趋多元的社区需求,社区、社会工作和社会组织作为社区治理的三大主体,能否优势互补形成服务合力,关系社区治理体系的构建质量。北京东风地区引入社会组织专业力量开展“三社联动”试点,经过三年多的努力,探索出将政府的行政力量与社会组织的专业力量相结合,将外部的专业支持与社区内在的资源有机整合,共同推动社会组织与社区、社会工作互动机制建设的工作模式,形成了以社区为资源配置平台,以社会组织为组织载体,以社会工作人才队伍为专业支撑,优化配置三方资源,培育社会组织,发展社会工作,促进社区参与的“三社联动”格局。本文通过对“东风试点”工作的梳理分析,澄清了“三社联动”机制建设的目标、策略、方法和实施路径,以及政府、社会组织、社区、社会工作及社区居民等各方在“三社联动”中的角色定位,认为“三社联动”的目的是拓展社区居民参与社区治理的渠道和平台,“三社”必须聚焦于有效服务民生促进社区参与的目标,回归各自的角色定位,才有可能实现自主联动。

Abstract

Traditional communities have fallen apart since no single service entity can now respond to increasingly diversified community needs. Therefore,community,social work,and social organization are nowadays the three main bodies of community governance. And then whether they can complement each other matters a lot to a service synergy and to the community governance system.

Beijing Dongfeng District has introduced professional organizations of social organizations to carry out trials of “tripartite linkage”. Over the past three years,module in Dongfeng District has explored the combination of governmental administrative strength with the professional strength of social organizations,and has provided external professional support and intrinsic resources to the community. The integration promoted the working model and the interaction mechanism among the social organizations,communities and social workers. Through the hard work,the district formed a community-based resource allocation platform,used social organizations as the carrier of the organization,had social workers as its professional support,and optimized the allocation of “tripartite” resources. It nurtures the social work,and promoted greatly the participation in the “tripartite linkages” pattern.

This paper clarifies the goals,strategies,methods,and implementation paths of the “tripartite linkages” mechanism through the combing analysis of the “Dongfeng Pilot” work. The paper also defines the roles of the governments,social organizations,communities,social work and community residents and other parties respectively in the “tripartite linkages” initiative. It reveals that the great purpose of the “tripartite linkages” is to expand the channels and platforms for community residents to participate in community governance,and the “tripartite linkages” must focus on the goal of effectively serving people’s livelihood and promoting community participation and eventually achieving autonomous linkage.

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作者简介
李涛:李涛,协作者(Facilitators)创始人,北京市协作者社会工作发展中心主任,民政部首批全国社会工作领军人才,研究领域为社会组织建设、社会工作实务以及城市化与流动人口。
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