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谢伏瞻
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李培林
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    中国城乡老年人社会参与状况分析

    摘要

    本报告利用第四次中国城乡老年人生活状况抽样调查数据,从老年人公益活动参与情况、老年协会活动评价状况及政治参与状况三个方面分析了我国城乡老年人的社会参与状况。结果发现,现阶段:近一半的老年人积极参与公益活动,且以邻里、社区活动为主,超过一成的老年人参与了公益活动组织,以文化娱乐组织为主。大部分老年人对老年协会组织的活动较为满意,超过一半的老年人希望老年协会多开展诸如学习/娱乐和困难老人帮扶之类的活动。大部分老年人助老意愿较强,且超过一半的老年人较为关心社区事务的公开和国家大事,约两成老年人曾向社区建言献策。但是,在社区大事件中,老年人被征求意见的比例却较低。基于以上分析,为了进一步落实积极老龄化战略、促进老年人社会参与,本报告提出应着力建设包括微观、中观、宏观三个层次,涵盖国家、社会、个人网络三个维度,包含国家、社区、社会组织、家庭等多主体在内的老年社会参与促进与保障综合体系。

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    Abstract

    Based on the survey datafrom the fourth research on the living conditions of the urban-rural elderly,this article analyzes the social participation of the urban-rural elderly from three aspects: the participation of public welfare activities,the evaluation on the elderly associations and the political participation. The results showed that nearly half of the elderly actively participated in public welfare activities among which neighborhoods and community-based activities took a large proportion and more than 10% took part in commonweal organizations mainly dominated by cultural and entertainment organizations. Most elderly people are satisfied with the activities organized by elderly associations and hope that this kind of associations would hold more activities like learning,recreation and helping old people who need help. Moreover,they have strong willingness to help the elderly and give many concerns to the publicity of community affairs and national affairs. And not only have that,about 20% of the elderly once offered advice and suggestions to their communities. However,elderly people are seldom consulted for community events,taking a low percentage. Based on the above analysis,in order to further implement active aging strategy and promote elderly people's social participation,this article proposes that efforts should be made to build a comprehensive system for promoting and safeguarding old people's social participation. Based on the three dimensions(micro,medium and macro level),this system should be co-built by state,communities,social organizations,families and other multi-subjects,forming a three-dimension network coving our nation,society and individuals.

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    作者简介
    胡宏伟:胡宏伟,博士,中国人民大学公共管理学院,副教授,主要研究方向为健康保障、老年问题
    袁水苹:袁水苹,西北大学公共管理学院,硕士研究生;
    郑翩翩:郑翩翩,北京大学人口所,硕士研究生。
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