Based on the data from National “Twelfth Five-Year” Plan for Science & Technology Support，we analyzed the results from health literacy survey on 132，178 physical examination people，from 8 health management centers in China. The results showed that about 1/3 of the population had ideal or good health literacy status. The male，the older，the less educated，the individual of freelance，moreover，the farmers were more likely to have poor health literacy. “To know is easy，but to do is difficult” was reflected in the part of health life and behavior survey and health education should be pay special attention to metabolic disease reflected in the part of healthy basic knowledge and concepts survey. In conclusion，the health literacy status of physical examination population in China is not optimistic. It is necessary to carry out health education activities based on the characteristics of different populations，and increase health education for physical examination crowd.