Education plays a fundamental，guiding and overall role in the Belt and Road Initiative.The Belt and Road Initiative has provided a whole new opportunity for the development of international students' education in China.In recent years，the international students' education in China has made remarkable progress in terms of scale and structure.The management system for international students' education in China has also completed the transition from state control to university autonomy.However，the international students' education in China still faces many challenges，such as ineffectiveness and inadequacy of the policy system，the insufficient preparation of higher education system，the misalignment between the development of higher educational institutions and the demand of the Belt and Road Initiative.The vast gaps in the educational and research fields in the countries along “the Belt and Road” have also constrained the development of international students' education in China to a considerable extent.