Based on the SDEGS 2016，the paper investigates the relationship between the development of county e-commerce and the entrepreneurship of rural residents.Through on-the-spot investigation，interview and questionnaire，we refine research ideas.By using survey data collected，CHIP2013 data and a-EDI e-commerce development index collected by Ali research institute，empirical tests are conducted.The results show that the employment status of entrepreneurs is different，the influence of e-commerce development is different.The development of the county web merchants has been a development of the self-employment of the self-employed workers，and it has been a suppression of the employment of the employer；The development of the county's online shopping experience has been a suppression of the self-employment of a self-employed worker，and it has helped to start a business as a employer；The impact of e-commerce development on entrepreneurship depends on the employment status of entrepreneurs.The above results have been steady in multiple regression analysis.