Rapid economic growth can lead to a change of national life structure and life consciousness and a promotion of the quality of the people and the value evaluation ability.With economic transition，the national life consciousness will gradually shift from the pursuit of material value to that of the spiritual value，and therefore there will be an increase of resisting the impact of capital and consumption on life.How to adjust policy objective and obtain the best policy performance outcome according to the change of the goal of life is a new topic needed exploring.In the transition period of economic development model，after several explorations，Japan adjusts social policy objectives from traditional “labor protection”to “life protection”which integrates labor and life problems as a whole，reconstructs new goals and new concepts of social policy，and address how social policy should deal with the social and life transformation problems emerging in the economic transition era.An analysis of the path of social policy reform and its results in Japan could shed light on how China make social policy innovation in the stage of economic transformation.