Shanghai City is located in the estuary of the Yangtze River.With a unique geographic location，it is one of the most concentrated region of beach wetland in our country and plays a significant role in the conservation of the estuary ecosystem，aquatic animalsin the Yangtze River Basin and international migratory birds.It is also an important area to ensure the ecological security of the Yangtze River Basin and to protect the global biodiversity.First，based on the identification of the characteristics and main problems of the ecosystem in Shanghai，the importance of ecosystem services function was evaluated based on the InVEST model.The ecological protected space in the city was then determined based on the evaluation results and its classified and hierarchical management system was established. Finally，considering the systematism and integration of the ecological protection for the Yangtze River basin，the key issues were identified，and the basin-scale integrated and coordinated promotion mechanism was put forward，including ecological risk monitoring and early warning，assessment of the ecological protection red line and ecological compensation. The research results are of great significance for improving the ecological environment of the Yangtze River Basin and safeguarding the national ecological security.