The innovation and entrepreneurship is a micro social process，but it also depends on the improvement and optimization of its social ecology.In recent years，Shanghai has push forward the construction of scientific and technological innovation center with global influence，and the practice of mass entrepreneurship and innovation.The government has improved the institutions and policies，and mobilize the market and social forces to participate，so mass entrepreneurship and innovation stay flourish.But now Shanghai have faced some challenges：which the ability of innovation needs to be further improved，the supporting social ecological needs to be strengthened，the start-up costs continue to rise for the high business cost.In the future，Shanghai should attract international top talents，implement existing policies and regulations，facilitate the social network of innovation and entrepreneurship and create the social atmosphere for innovation and entrepreneurship，which further optimize the social environment of Innovation and entrepreneurship.