The traditional village is a microcosm of the rural society in our country and plays the role as traditional cultural gene. Since 2012，a total of 4，153 villages in national wide have been selected into the List of Traditional Chinese Villages. In this regard，Shaanxi Province has given special attention. In 2015 and 2017，Shaanxi Province has successively announced the first and second batch of provincial-level traditional village directories. Among them，a total of 171 villages were selected for the first list of traditional villages in Shaanxi Province and 152 villages for the second. At present，how to protect the traditional villages in Shaanxi has become an important part of provincial cultural issues of Shaanxi. Based on the achievements and problems existing in the protection of traditional villages in Shaanxi Province in recent years，this article puts forward many corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.