本文以公务员日常工作中微信的使用为例,通过非正式组织理论视角探讨社交媒体对政府内部组织过程的影响。对Z市政府公务员微信数据的实证分析显示:微信群成为公务员构建非正式组织的普遍方式,体现为以部门科室为依据的“机构群”和以任务完成为依据的“项目群”两种模式;“机构群”提供了组织成员的情感支持,提升了公务员的部门认同;“项目群”提升了政府正式组织过程的行动协同性,并成为组织激励控制的有效方式;微信群在政府成员间的自发运用,是组织微观层面的秩序构建过程,反映了社交媒体通过非正式组织的形式对科层组织正式结构和运作过程的影响和改造。
<<This paper explores the social media's impact to the internal process of local government from a theoretical perspective of informal organization.Based on the WeChat datum from civil servants of city Z,this paper finds out that:WeChat group has become a prevailing way of informal organization generating within local governments in which civil servants can duplicate actual organization structures and team up members for task assignments.WeChat groups duplicating actual organizations improve job involvement and provide emotional supports.WeChat groups that team up task participants facilitate coordination among departments,reduce uncertainties and ambiguities of task objectives,clarify implementation standards,redistribute job duties and responsibilities and foster consensus within group members.The use of WeChat group demonstrates the mechanisms of self seek order building from individual organization members which reflects,at the micro level,how social media technology shapes and reinvents the structures and processes of the hierarchy in public organizations.
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