Basing on the survey data on Chinese children’s participation，a variance analysis of children’s participation in terms of urban and rural areas，family financial background，parents’ jobs，and parents’ education levels is carried out using the method of statistical hypothesis testing. Children’s participation in this study includes children’s household participation，after-school life，school participation，extracurricular education participation，online participation，public affairs participation and so on. This study finds that there exist varied degrees of variances in their participation between children from urban and rural areas，children from white-collar families and those from blue-collar families，and children whose parents have different levels of education in aspects such as family，school，after school，online and public affairs.