Transporation industry of Yangtze River economic belt developed smoothly and transport capacity was further improved in 2016.In this paper，the author used the newest statistical data，such as traffic network mileage，traffic network density，the construction of Yangtze River ports and the airport group，freight volume and Passenger volume，etc.，made a comprehensive analysis of the Yangtze River economic belt transportation network construction and transportation ability.Based on the result，the author refined the characteristics and existing problems of the development of the transportation industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt.At last，the author had some suggestion，such as river-sea coordinated transport.