Sampling inspection and public reporting are important for food safety regulation By constructing the evolutionary game model of regulators and producers，it was found that sampling inspection and public reporting can lead producers to self-discipline as long as specific conditions are met.Due to the scarcity of immutable elements such as fixed assets，there is an optimal sampling inspection scale.Regulators should allocate scarce sampling inspection resources to producers with higher security risks and monitor the low-risk producers in a public manner.In addition，according to the conditions of game equilibrium，the relationship between penalty，incentive and probability of report is also discussed.The results show that the regulatory authorities should reasonably determine the object of sample，improve the institutional arrangements for public reporting，and the punishment and incentive system.