This report describes and comments on the over-all profile and the relevant policies of poverty alleviation by employment in rural China. Based on the mechanism analysis of rural off-farm employment’s income effect，and the statistical correlation analysis of the rural off-farm employment income with the rural poverty reduction after the rural reform，the roles of employment transfer of the rural agricultural labor in the rural poverty reduction are addressed. With the incomes and income sources data comparison among different income quintile household groups，the important role of the waged employment is re-affirmed with rural households surveyed empirical data in the poor areas. This report also makes comments on several types of employment promotion policies needed for poverty reduction，and describes recent policy development trends. As case study，two employment promotion practices prevailing are presented，which are “workshop for poverty reduction” and “labor service coordination”. Policy suggestions are discussed based on case studies.