我国城乡差距的矛盾日益尖锐,其中的“三农”问题十分值得探讨。就解决三农问题而言,统筹城乡发展是关键;要增强农业在市场经济中的竞争力,走市场化发展道路。农业走入市场并不意味着政府在其中是完全无为的,理论和实践经验证明,农业的市场化进程需要政府与市场“两只手”配合。我国广大农村地区均处于县级政府的治理之下,在引导和促进当地农业市场化过程中,县级政府起到至关重要的作用。本文通过对C县在促进农业市场化方面的考察发现,当地政府进行了一系列的探索,尊重市场发展规律和农民的市场经济主体地位,努力开创政府—农业企业—社会三方互动的良性循环。要将农业发展置于社会经济发展的主框架中,将社会力量培育为农业市场化过程中的伙伴。地方政府要激发社会力量,培育农民市场经济主体地位,促进农业生产要素的市场化以及推动农产品的商品化,积极转变地方政府职能,从传统的政府“输血”转变为建设“造血”组织,充分提高农民参与市场竞争的能力。
<<With the acceleration of the industrialization and the urbanization,the problem of Urban-rural gap in China is becoming more and more significant,especially the “Three Rural Issues”.Urban-Rural Integrated Development is the key to the solution of “Three Rural Issues”.The adoption of marketing is the key to the development of the issue of agriculture.In the process of marketization of agriculture,the government does not do nothing,the coordination of the government and market is very necessary.As one of the most significant elements in the structure of state,in addition to macroeconomic policy,the county level governments play an important role in the process of the marketization of agriculture.For the local government,it is supposed to stimulate social forces and encourage the farmer to be dominant position in the market,meanwhile,just promote the marketization of production factors and the products of agriculture.The transformation of government functions is urgent.As to the local government,it is time to transform from the tradition role of “blood transfusion” to “hematopoietic function”,so as to promote the ability of the farmers to take part in the market competition and stimulate the great potential of development in rural areas.
<<Keywords: | Local GovernmentAgricultural ModernizationAgricultural MarketizationThe Dominant Position of Farmers |