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    国外低碳生态城镇建设的经验及对四川的启示

    摘要

    结合四川省委十届八次全会上通过的《关于推进绿色发展建设美丽四川的决定》中加快建设生态城镇、推动内涵提升式发展要求,作者对德国、美国、瑞典、丹麦、英国、日本、韩国、巴西等10多个发达国家及新兴经济体的60多个典范性生态城镇建设的实践进行了整理。首先,总结归纳国外生态城镇建设的五个主要着力点,包括推进地面交通、能源系统及建筑的绿色化,增进产业体系建设的绿色化,推进城乡空间体系的绿色化,推进市民生活消费的绿色化,增强绿色技术和人才储备等。其次,基于全方位对比分析,特别析出了“英法两国的试点推进模式”“德国的绿色城市索引以及慕尼黑的‘城市、紧凑和绿色’的核心空间发展战略”“丹麦奥胡斯大区的全球性、开放性区域发展战略和对多方利益主体核心竞争力的有效整合”“瑞典维克舒尔可持续的缜密行动计划”“德国伯布林根老机场改造中特别的地方政府介入模式”“澳大利亚哈利法克斯等的‘社区驱动’生态城镇开发模式”等几个特色的推进模式。最后,结合四川绿色发展的总体部署和战略路径设计提出几点启示。

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    Abstract

    In accordance with the requirements of accelerating the ecological town construction and promoting the connotation-improved development of in Decisions on Promoting Green Development to Construct Beautiful Sichuan approved at the 8th Plenary Session of the 10th Sichuan Provincial Party Committee, we sorted out the practices of more than 60 typical eco-cities in over 10 developed countries and emerging economies, including Germany, the United States, Sweden, Denmark, the United Kingdom, Japan, Korea, and Brazil. In the first place, we summarized five focuses of construction of ecological towns abroad as following:promoting the greenization of ground transportation, energy system and architecture, the greenization of industrial system construction, the greenization of urban and rural spatial system, the greenization of living consumption of citizens, and the greenization of green technology and reserve of talents. Next, based on a full range of comparative analysis, we have highlighted several characteristic progression patterns, including “pilot promoting pattern of the UK and France”, “the core space development strategy such as ‘city, compact and green’ in Munich and green city index in Germany”, “global and open regional development strategy of Aarhus District, Denmark, and effective integration of multi stakeholders' core competencies”, “the sustainable and rigorous action plan of Växjö, Sweden”, “the special pattern of local government intervention in old airports' renovation in Böblingen, Germany”, and “the ‘community-driven’ eco-town development in Halifax, Australia”. In the end, we extracted several enlightenments combining with the general layout and strategic path of green development in Sichuan.

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    作者简介
    杨燕:杨燕,中共四川省委党校决策咨询部讲师,博士,主要研究方向为绿色创新、产业转型升级、科技创新。
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