本文是基于麦克卢汉“媒介四元律”的傣族乡村田野调查。作者通过在云南西双版纳曼腊村的短期田野观察,尝试探索中国乡村地区的传媒发展状况。田野调查的结果印证了麦氏父子“媒介四元论”的发展规律,即从公共集会到文字传播,再到广播、电视与新媒体这一发展历程中,每一次新的传播方式的出现都使传统媒体中某些特点被加强,某些特点被削弱、重拾或转化,最终使曼腊村民融入了地球这个大“村落”。作者还发现作为媒体集大成者的手机,尤其是低价智能手机的出现极大地改变了村民的生活习惯,成为村民们传递信息、沟通交流、表达情绪的重要工具。而且基于手机的社交媒体——微信,甚至成了村民们的网络公共空间,使傣族村民迅速步入互联网时代。即使传播媒介不断推陈出新,传统媒体及其沟通方式也不会因此消失,而是会呈现出一种此消彼长的四元循环转化的过程,并以代际共存的方式持续产生影响。
<<This study is designed by McLuhan's media law of tetrad.The author conducts a field observation in ManLa village,Yunnan province,China and attempts to explore the media development situations in rural area of China.The finding corresponds with the“Four Laws of Media”put up with by McLuhan,which indicate that the communication channels have developed from public gatherings to literature,broadcast,television and internet.Among this process of media involvement,some aspects of the media will been enhanced,retrieved,obsoleted or reversed,and finally bring ManLa village into a global village.This study also finds that new media,especially the smartphone,has generated significant effects on ManLa villagers that their behaviors,emotions as well as information seeking have been mobilized by this new technology.The smartphone and the mobile based social media-Wechat have become the online public space for the villagers,which can enhances,retrieves,reverses and obsoletes some aspects of those villagers' living styles,and allow ManLa people to connect into this digital information world.From this study,it can be seen that the traditional media will not disappear but will coexist with the newer ones.The media tetrad is an endless circulation and will influence the users in the form of generation coexisting.
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