世界第一条商业铁路诞生于1825年,随后铁路得到快速发展,并成为陆上运输的主要交通工具,在一个多世纪的时间里基本处于垄断地位。随后,飞机和汽车的发明逐步减低了铁路的重要性。随着经济和社会的发展,轨道交通各种技术突飞猛进,凭着速度快、运量大、安全、准点、舒适、保护环境、节约能源和节省用地等特点,以及新制式轨道交通层出不穷,高速铁路、城市轨道交通等在城市与城市、城市内部的交通中占据着越来越重要的地位。在我国,轨道交通主要包括铁路与城市轨道交通。
<<Since the birth of the world’s first commercial railway in 1825,railways quickly became the main force of land transportation and occupied a monopoly position for over a century. Subsequently,the invention of aircraft and automobiles gradually reduced the importance of railways. With the development of economy and society,all kinds of rail transit technologies advance swiftly and vigorously. With the characteristics such as large volume,fast speed,punctuality,safety,environmental protection,energy and land conservation and comfort,new types of rail transportation are emerging in an endless stream. High speed railways and urban rail transit are playing increasingly important roles in inter-city traffic and urban traffic. In China,rail transit mainly includes railway and urban rail transit.
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