我国目前的土壤污染防治立法由分散于各领域的污染防治法的相关规范与相对成独立体系的土壤污染防治标准和技术规范组成,这种非专门化的立法体系不能反映土壤污染防治的客观特征,也不能有效应对比较严峻的土壤污染防治问题,存在立法功能不足的缺陷。我国已经在地方和中央相继推动土壤污染防治的专门性立法工作,首部省级地方性法规《湖北省土壤污染防治条例》已于2016年发布实施,2017年全国人大常委会发布《中华人民共和国土壤污染防治法(草案)》征求意见稿,该法有望年内通过。从地方和国家立法设计来看,土壤保护规划及功能区划制度、土壤环境的调查、监测、风险评估及标准制度与土壤污染的修复及责任制度等成为土壤污染防治过程中的重要法律制度。
<<The current legislation on the prevention and control of soil contamination in China scatter on the provisions of individual area of law concerning soil contamination. This non-specialized legislative structure and insufficient regulatory provisions can not effectively deal with serious problems of soil contamination. China has been actively promoting specialized legislation on soil pollution prevention and control both at the provincial and national levels. The Regulations of Hubei Province on the Prevention and Control of Soil Contamination have been enacted in 2016. This was the first provincial local law in this aspect in China. In 2017,the National People’s Congress issued The Draft Law of the People’s Republic of China for the Prevention and Control of Soil Contamination Law for the public’s consultation. The draft law is expected to be passed in the end 2017. In such local law and the National Draft Law,main legal provisions of prevention and control of soil contamination in China focus on development of legal institutions on investigation,monitoring,risk assessment,restoration liability,funding,standard control,planning and functional zoning ect. in order to solve soil contamination issues.
<<Keywords: | Soil EnvironmentSoil ContaminationRegulations of Hubei Province on the Prevention and Control of Soil ContaminationSpecialized Legislation of Soil |