President Xi Jinping proposed the construction of “the Silk Road Economic Belt” and “the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Rood” in 2013，and became an important initiative for China's future development.With the change of the Arctic marine ecological environment，reserves of oil and gas，mineral resources in the Arctic region，the potential military and strategic significance，visible shipping advantages will directly or indirectly affect the implementation and development of our country “the Belt and Road Initiative”.We are in a critical period of opportunity and challenge.Our country should strengthen the scientific research ability，actively participate in the Arctic affairs，and promote the exchange and cooperation between the Arctic and Arctic countries.We should establish and perfect the mechanism of Arctic marine ecological security，to create a good ecological environment of the Arctic Ocean，in order to ensure the smooth implementation of China's “the Belt and Road Initiative”.