The Paris Agreement established a new institutional arrangement for the global governance of climate change beyond 2020. As details of the implementation of Paris Agreement need further negotiations，the international community aroused general concern of the scientific assessments of climate change in the post-Paris era. In September 2017，the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change （IPCC） determined the outline of the sixth assessment report （AR6），which will profoundly affect the process of future climate negotiations and the actions of countries to address climate change. This paper summarized the background，progress and future development of the scientific assessment process of IPCC AR6，and analyzed the relationship between scientific assessments of climate change and international response in the post-Paris era. This paper also put forward some relevant suggestions on participation in the scientific assessments of climate change in the post-Paris era for scientific communities of China.