Population and reproductive problems have always been the important factors which affecting the sustainable development of our country. In comprehensive two-child policy background，will the policy effectively affect the willingness of Beijing residents to breed？Furthermore，will the child-bearing willingness affect the fertility behavior of Beijing residents，then improve the fertility level of Beijing residents. These issues are topics of concern for the whole society. Through the sampling survey，we attempt to find the will，behavior and influencing factors，and make policy recommendations. The results indicated that：Nearly sixty percent of Beijing residents hope to have two children；There is a large gap between the will and the reproductive behavior of Beijing residents；Beijing residents have no obvious gender preference；Beijing residents have a higher opinion of modern birth concept than traditional birth concept. In the end，the report made some suggestions for promoting fertility intention.