There are lots of similarities in the concept of establishment，policy design and management between maternity insurance and medical insurance.Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held，under the guidance of “Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy”and “Five Development Concepts”，maternity insurance is facing some new situations and reform requirements.In the year of 2016，The 13th Five Year Plan raised piloting the merger enforcement of maternity insurance and medical insurance.This thesis demonstrates the feasibility of the merger enforcement of two insurances，analyzes the main problems in the merger enforcement，and through mathematical calculation，puts forward some countermeasures to solve the problem of the insured participation of some special population.