2013年以来,中国雾霾频发,严重影响了公众健康和经济社会可持续发展,加强大气污染治理成为燃眉之急。美国自20世纪40年代洛杉矶光化学烟雾事件以来,开始全面关注和研究大气污染问题,建立了完善的环保法律制度,配以行之有效的管理和监督体系,在环境治理中将政府宏观调控与市场经济手段相结合,积极研发推广新能源新技术,注重信息公开和公众参与等,通过多措并举、综合整治,取得了良好的成效。本报告从法律建构、管理体制、市场手段、科技研发和公众参与等层面,系统梳理和分析了美国大气污染治理的实践与经验,并以此为基础提出了推进我国大气污染治理的政策建议。
<<Since 2013,the frequent haze in China has seriously affected the public health and the sustainable development of economic and society,making speeding up the air pollution control become extremely urgent. Since Los Angeles Photochemical Smog Event in the 1940s,the United States began to pay attention to and research air pollution problems comprehensively. The United States have establishment perfect environmental legal system and effective management and supervision system,combining the government’s macro-control and market economy in the environmental management,actively researching and promoting new energy and new technologies,paying attention to information disclosure and public participation and so on. Finally,through simultaneous multi-measures and comprehensive remediation,the United States’ air pollution control has achieved good results. This paper systematically sorts out and analyzes the practice and experience of the United States’ air pollution control from the aspects of legal construction,management system,market means,science and technology research and development and public participation,and on this basis puts forward some policy suggestions to promote air pollution control in China.
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