Based on the survey data of 986 households in 100 villages in Henan，Shandong，Jiangsu，Zhejiang and Heilongjiang provinces，this paper study the factors that affect farmers’ pesticide application behavior using logistic regression and Lasso coefficient reduction algorithm. The study found that these factors had a significant impact on farmers’ pesticide application behavior，they are farmers’ gender，age，educational level，the understanding of pesticide residues and the attitude for safe production，the implementation of government’s punitive measures，pesticide application training，pesticide prices，and that，these factors have a complex impact on the behavior of farmers，they are farmers’ forecast of major crop prices，the standard for the cultivation of safe agricultural products，the unbalanced cost in the sale of agricultural products. In addition，household income and farmers’ cognition of relevance between pesticide residue and food safety have a negative impact on farmers’ application behavior.