Over the past two years，affected by the factors of world economic slowdown and energy structure adjustment etc.，and increasingly stringent carbon emissions policy to increase the clean energy of coal substitutes，coal demand is declining，but under the influence of large-scale coal mine investment and construction in the previous high-energy price background，coal supply capacity is still oversupply in the short term. This report analyied the basic situation of the world coal industry and the market from the aspects of market demand，supply，investment and M & A，and coal situation forecast. The analysis show that the global coal consumption continued growing negatively，the coal supply growth slowed down，the international coal prices continued to decline in 2016. The operating pressure of global coal enterprises increased，a number of large coal enterprises went bankrupt，and the global coal enterprises overseas mergers and acquisitions slowed down. In 2017，the world coal supply and demand will gradually move towards balance，and the Asia-Pacific region is still the backbone of coal development especially China and India. The investment and M & A efforts of the global coal enterprises will be more cautious.