当前,城乡接合部地区是北京社会治理的难点区域,其原因就是城乡接合部地区已经成为大量外来人口的聚集地。城乡接合部地区不仅是外来人口在城市落脚的生活空间,而且是其劳动就业的工作空间。基于对外来人口聚集的城乡接合部地区的调查,本文分析了外来人口的就业状况。研究表明:外来人口的就业领域以商业服务业为主,就业相对中低端;收入水平相对较低,月结余存在年龄上的差异;劳动保障缺乏,社会保险参保率低;主要就业于城乡接合部及其邻近周边地区,劳动强度相对较大;来京工作主要为实现向上流动,多依靠非正式关系;定居意愿存在新老代际差异,老一代更期望于就业稳定。因此,在对城乡接合部地区进行社会治理的过程中,需要根据外来人口的就业状况准确评估其对北京城市发展的就业功能,以实现在保障外来人口权益的基础上促进城市稳定有序的发展。
<<On the basis of a survey conducted at the city skirt where floating population lives in compact communities,this report analyzed their status of employment. The analysis shows that the employment of the floating population is mainly in the area of relatively low-end commercial services;their income is comparatively low,with monthly balance varying with different age groups,labor security being insufficient and rate of participation in social insurance being low. The location of employment is largely at the city skirt and adjacent areas,and the labor intensity is relatively high. The main reason for working in Beijing is to achieve upward mobility. Their floating is more often than not supported by informal connections. There is difference between the older and the younger generation in terms of the desire of permanent residence,with the former being more desirous of stable employment.
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