Since the 1990s，there is a continuous shrink in the size of Germany’s main political parties，while on the contrary，the right-wing Populist Party AfD（The Alternative for Germany）is extending gains in recent years. The AfD did increasingly well in Germany’s state elections in 2016 and became the second or third largest party in some of the Landtag. The AfD is expected to enter the Bundestag after the 2017 federal elections. Meanwhile，the support for the governing coalition parties（CDU and SPD）had dropped dramatically，which resulted in a change of the German political ecology. This report analyzes the reasons behind the changes in Germany’s political ecology from the perspectives of the change in Germany’s political parties，the impacts of the crises in Europe，the spread and rising influences of the European populism，the setbacks in the European integration and the anti-globalization trend. In addition，this report discusses the social and political influences that the AfD may bring about.