The rise of the urban middle class is a prominent social phenomenon in the process of the unprecedented urbanization of China. For the urban middle-income group，the factors such as the enhancement of the consciousness of rights and the rule of law，the sense of insecurity，the worries about risks and the growing differentiation between them and vulnerable groups are intertwined and profoundly affect the change of social governance in China，thus resulting in the formation of a kind of relationship with both challenge and cooperation between them and various powers. The rise and involvement of the urban middle-income group makes the governance structure of the Chinese society become more diverse，and accordingly the improvement of capability of social governance.