The blossom of culture means the blossom of old streets，likewise the demise of culture means the demise of old streets. Culture is the key to the fate of old streets. An analysis of the current culture of many old streets in Anhui towns reveals the following problems concerning old street culture：the competition and conflict between local governments，developers and old street residents concerning old streets and related cultures；the protective destruction concerning old street architecture；simplification of old street traditions and customs；vague cultural memories of old streets；loss of subjects to inherit old street cultures；lack of successors for traditional artwork of old streets；inadequate exploration of old street cultural heritage，etc. Based on a systematic analysis of the causes for the above dilemmas，the study proposes a strategy for protective development of old street cultures；explores the mechanism for joint protection by all interested parties；promotes the rejuvenation and crystallization of old street cultural memories；and creates a dynamic inheritance model for old street cultures.