The 2016 Rio de Janeiro Olympic Games represents a historic opportunity for Brazil’s country image. This article reviews，on the basis of related official documents，the main objectives and concrete measures adopted by the Brazilian government，aiming at building Brazil’s national image through the Rio Olympic Games，and makes quantitative and qualitative assessments of the results of these measures by introducing a series of indicators and reports of major international organizations and media，in order to provide China’s policymakers with reference cases and policy recommendations，with a view to optimizing the outcome of the 2022 Beijing-Zhangjiakou Winter Olympics.