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谢伏瞻
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李培林
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    媒体对“全面二孩”报道的性别分析

    摘要

    2015年10月,在中共第十八届五中全会的会议公报中,中共中央公布“全面二孩”政策,引起社会关注和媒体热议。本文选取《人民日报》、《光明日报》、《新京报》和《中国妇女报》四家传统媒体,人民网、凤凰网、搜狐、网易、新浪、腾讯六家网络媒体,对其中关于“全面二孩”政策相关报道进行性别分析。研究发现传统媒体较缺乏“以女性为主体”的报道角度,网络媒体扩展和深入了传统媒体对“全面二孩”政策的报道。但总体而言,针对“全面二孩”政策,媒体的关注重点集中在政治、经济、教育和社会保障议题,难点围绕“如何生得起养得好”“如何让人们敢生”展开。媒体报道呈现出女性议题缺失、女性自己的声音缺乏、对女性生育健康关注不足、对女性职业发展报道力度单薄、对男性家庭责任关注不足、缺乏干预性报道等问题。针对以上问题,本文提出了将参与性别培训纳入媒体从业者考核内容、将性别专家引入媒体制播过程、消除将性别议题附属于其他社会议题的观念和做法等建议。

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    Abstract

    In October 2015,in the Conference Communique of the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China(CPC),the CPC Central Committee promulgated the Universal Two-Child Policy which aroused great public concern and media discussion. This article analyzes media reports on the Universal Two-Child Policy from the gender perspective. The article selects reports from four traditional media including People’s Daily,Guangming Daily,The Beijing News,China Women’s Daily,and six other network media including People’s Daily Online,Phoenix,Sohu.com,Netease.com,Sina.com and Tencent.com. The research found out that reports of the traditional media were short of reports from the perspective of female subject while the network media expanded and deepened the reports. However,in general,the media reports mainly focus on political,economic,educational and social security issues,which usually focus on “how to afford two children and raise them well” and “how to encourage people to have a second child”. All in all,there are many problems in current reports,such as lack of female issues,lack of women’s voices,insufficient attention to women’s maternal health,insufficient reports on women’s career development,insufficient attention to male family responsibilities and lack of intervention reports. To cope with these problems,the article puts forward some suggestions,including adding training of gender perspective to media practitioners,introducing gender experts into the process of media production and broadcasting,and eliminating the practices and conceptions of attaching gender issues to other social issues.

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    作者简介
    李若婕:李若婕,中国传媒大学媒介与女性方向2015级硕士研究生。
    张敬婕:张敬婕,副研究员,博士,中国传媒大学媒介与女性研究中心、联合国教科文组织-中国传媒大学“媒介与女性”教席团队成员,主要研究领域为性别传播研究、跨文化传播研究。
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