On 31 August 2016，the Brazilian Senate decisively voted to remove President Dilma Rousseff from office，finding her guilty of criminal responsibility. Temer succeeded to the presidency until the end of 2018. Facing the complicated political and economic situation，how to turn crisis into opportunities still challenges the new government，especially in terms of the balance of national development and the interests of the parties，the balance of economic growth and social development，and the international relations in the post-Rousseff’s period. This paper aims to analyze the causes and consequences of the impeachment of Rousseff，and evaluate the difficulties and challenges faced by the new government of Temer，so as to forecast the future political trends in Brazil.