"big data" and "great poverty alleviation" are the two major strategic actions of the 13th five-year period in guizhou province. Coming of the era of big data, has given rise to a precise concept of change, for poverty alleviation for the poverty alleviation work provides technical support and promote the change the way of poverty alleviation, has brought new opportunities for precise poverty alleviation work. But there are challenges in the era of the great data age, the anti-poverty governance system, rural grassroots organizations and public infrastructure. During the period of "much starker choices-and graver consequences-in", the guizhou province precise poverty alleviation should seize the opportunities brought about by the era of big data, at the same time to actively meet the challenge, "big data" leading "poverty alleviation", using the advantage of big data fast, convenient and efficient to promote poverty alleviation work precision and efficiency, thus for the goal of a "poverty alleviation" strategy in guizhou province to make new contributions.