In this report，infringement and invalidation cases in the field of Traditional Chinese Medicine were statistically analyzed，which showed the characteristics of judicial protection of Traditional Chinese Medicine in China. Then，taking a patent infringement case – “Heiguteng” and a patent invalidation case-“disease of hyperplasia of mammary glands” as the starting point，the importance of patent infringement and invalidation in the protection of intellectual property rights was studied，and it would put forward suggestions for the protection of intellectual property rights.