The relocation of immigrants in southern Shaanxi is a major systematic project，which not only affects and changes the way of production and life of the relocated people，but also fundamentally changes the public service system and the social governance structure. In the process of relocation，more than five years’ experience has been gained in the innovation of urban and rural community governance system and service mechanism. It has become an effective means to enhance the relocation of the relocated people and to move from passive to active relocation. In the face of the new situation and the target，the relocation of the immigrants in southern Shaanxi will also contribute to the effective connection between the government public management and community self-governance，laying the foundation for the resettlement-type community construction.