The article using survey data from 2，889 peasant households in 21 provinces，studies farmers’ main evaluations of the supply of rural public goods and the influence of the evaluations of public goods on the social capital，family characteristics，and personal characteristics of peasant households. We extract the public goods evaluations and the social capital factor in a principal component analysis and use OLS and robust regressions. We find that the social capital of farmers has a significant impact on their evaluations of the supply of rural public goods，social stability，and social relations；the factor of community participation has a significant positive correlation with evaluations of the supply of public goods，and the factor of social status has a negative correlation with the evaluations of the supply of public good. The social capital variables of farmers are significant in different areas，but the significance of personal and family variables indicate obvious differences.