Using the findings of the second nationwide survey on the status of Chinese women in 2000，the paper identifies factors that affect the division of domestic work between married women and men. The results of analytical modeling show that women spend far more time than men on domestic work and that the division of domestic work depends to a great extent upon women and men’s perceptions of gender roles，time，structural resources and family conditions. Thus，if there is a rise of segregation of absolute and relative resources between women and men from the growth of market economy，one has no reason to believe that the division of domestic work shall decline. The results of analysis of domestic work performance show that gender characteristics of the macroeconomic environment potentially affect individual behaviors in private domains.