Elderly women in rural areas are often socially marginalized and are not able to get enough attention in the rising process of China’s modernization and urbanization. This article examines the living conditions of the elderly in rural areas of Jilin from a gender perspective. It finds that the gender role of elderly people has changed in the process of Chinese social transformation from a traditional society to a modern society. The article suggests that improving gender mainstreaming in policies，and providing more service for elderly women to address their specific needs shall help promote the development of harmony and equality.