移民研究在过去20年间发生了彻底转变。大部分学者现在都承认:许多当代移民及其子女在融入定居国家的同时,仍然维持着与祖国的多重联系。民族国家的政治和文化的特征依旧显著。但与此同时,社会生活跨边界发生的情形也越来越多。跨国研究已经出现,它本身就是个跨学科领域,来自世界各地的学者参与其中,试图描述和分析跨国迁移的动态,并为之创造新的方法论工具。本文概括了这些跨国的视角,并试图阐明移民经历的一些方面。当我们将一切社会经验都想当然地放进民族国家这个看似合理的“大容器”里时,移民经历的这些方面就被掩盖了。最后,文章说明跨国迁移是如何改变社会性别关系的,这种改变在社会经历的各个层次上都已发生。其中,迁移可以理解为一个发生在多层次的、多地点的、跨国社会场域内的现象。作者用在多个国家环境中获取的第一手实证研究来支持自己的论点。
<<Migration scholarship has undergone a sea change in the last two decades. Most scholars now recognize that many contemporary migrants and their predecessors maintained a variety of ties to their home countries while they became incorporated into the countries where they settled. More and more aspects of social life take place across borders,even as the political and cultural salience of nation-state boundaries remains clear. Transnational studies has emerged,as an interdisciplinary field in itself,scholars from around the world participate in it,attempt to describe and analyze the dynamics of transnational migration and to create new methodological tools. This article summarizes these transnational perspectives and attempts to clarify some aspects of immigrant experience. When we put all the social experience into this seemingly reasonable “melting pot” of national state,immigrant experience in these aspects were masked. Finally,the article shows transnational migration how to change gender relations,this change has been taking place on all levels of social experience. Thereinto,the migration can be understood as a phenomenon taking place in multi-level,multi-site,transnational social field. The authors apply first-hand empirical research from many countries to support their arguments.
<<Keywords: | IntegrationGenderTransnational Migration |