一般来看,城市化水平低的地区的社会阶层结构更具有传统农业社会的特征,而城市化水平高的地区的社会阶层结构更倾向于现代工业社会的特征。
首先,就工业化而言,工业化通过推动就业结构的变化,促进社会阶层结构的多样化。工业与农业的一个巨大区别是需要高度的组织化程度和专业分工,工业化发展大幅度增加了社会就业机会和职位,不同的职位有着不同的收入报酬和职权,从而影响到不同职业者的社会地位。
城市化一般是指在工业化发展过程中一个国家逐步由农业人口占多数转变为非农业人口占多数、由农村居民占多数转变为城镇居民占多数、由农业国转变为工业国、由农村社会转变为城市社会的经济社会发展过程。
一般而言,当经济发展到一定水平时,消费结构的转变需要相应的消费主体的形成。就现代社会而言,消费的主体集中在城市;在社会阶层结构中,消费的中坚力量又主要是中产阶层。
城市化水平不高以及城乡二元格局,意味着目前中国大量的人口还拥挤在农村,而农村人口占多数的消费市场,是不足以支撑整个经济增长的。
<<In general terms, the level of urbanization of the region of low social class structure has the characteristics of the traditional agricultural society, the high level of urbanization areas of social class structure more inclined to the characteristics of the modern industrial society.
First of all, industrialisation, in the case of industrialization, promotes the diversification of the social class structure by promoting changes in the structure of employment. Industry and agriculture is a huge difference to the height of the organizational degree and professional division of labor, industrialization greatly increased employment opportunities and positions, different positions have different income compensation and authority, so as to affect the social status of different professionals.
Urbanization generally refers to a country gradually in the process of industrialization of agricultural population to non-agricultural population majority majority, by the majority of rural residents into urban residents in the majority, from agricultural country to industrial countries, from rural society to urban economic and social development of the society.
Generally, when the economy develops to a certain level, the transformation of the consumption structure requires the formation of the corresponding consumer subject. In modern society, the main focus of consumption is in cities. In the social hierarchy, the main force of consumption is the middle class.
The urbanization level is not high and the urban-rural dual structure, means that the current China's large population also crowded in the countryside, the rural population accounts for most of the consumer market, it is not enough to support the growth of the economy as a whole.
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