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谢伏瞻
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    清代慈善组织救助对象的甄别制度

    摘要

    清代慈善救助事业较为发达,在长期的实践中创造了一套与传统社会结构和文化相适应的救助对象甄别制度,凡有家庭保障的人或受到政府救助机构救助者,慈善组织不再将其列为救助对象;凡有道德缺陷的人或家境殷实者,慈善组织一般也不将其列为救助对象。清代慈善组织救助对象的甄别制度主要有查访制度、保结制度和票证制度。这些制度在当时起到了筛选救助对象,维护社会公平,提高救助效率的作用,对今天慈善组织的救助活动也有重要的启示价值。

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    Abstract

    In the Qing Dynasty, charity relief was relatively developed, and in the long practice, a set of screening system for relief objects adapted to the traditional social structure and culture was created. Those who had family security or were rescued by government relief agencies were no longer listed as relief objects by charitable organizations; those with moral defects or well-off families were generally not listed as relief objects by charitable organizations 。 The screening system of charitable organizations in Qing Dynasty mainly includes the system of inspection and visit, the system of bail-out and the system of ticket. At that time, these systems played a role in screening the relief objects, maintaining social equity and improving the efficiency of relief. They also have important enlightenment value for today's charity organizations' relief activities.

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    作者简介
    张祖平:张祖平,中国社会科学院社会学所博士后,上海师范大学法政学院社会保障系副教授,研究方向:慈善事业。联系电话:13177860687
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