In the context of climate change，water scarcity is one of the greatest challenges facing mountain people，especially women who are on the front line of climate change impact as primary providers of food，fuel and water for their families. Access to water resource for both productive and domestic use crucial for women in achieving food security and maintaining their household livelihoods. The research，conducting in three villages in Yunnan of China，has proved that women’s workloads have been significantly increased due to difficulty accessing water that has further resulted in more pressures on labour shortage for women. Interactions between water scarcity，labour shortage，reduced crop yields，adding the driver of poverty have been increasing risks of women securing food provision and sustaining livelihoods intra household. Some lessons learned from the case study that women’s capacity of coping with water stress are limited since water scarcity in surveyed villages is mainly caused by the lack of infrastructure for water storage and the failure of mechanism in place to ensure secure and equitable supply of water for villagers，that need a relatively high level of water resources management beyond women at community level. The chapter finally discussed the importance of addressing women needs to adaption processes at all levels and recommended appropriate adaption strategies to enhance women resilience to climate change in the policy frameworks.