In order to evaluate the emergency management ability of the large cities in China scientifically，the evaluation index system of urban emergency management capability is constructed in this report. According to the theory of emergency management and the relevant provisions of the state to deal with the emergency management，combined with the characteristics of emergency management in large cities in China，first，this paper divide urban emergency management capability based with the classification of disaster types，evaluating the city’s natural disaster emergency management ability，accident disaster emergency management ability，public health event emergency management ability and social security incident emergency management ability apart，secondly. Secondly，classified according to the dimensions of the emergency management process，evaluating the each type of specific events of the emergency response capacity by stages；for each stage of the emergency response capacity，evaluating according to the emergency management elements from the organizational system，operation mechanism，resources protection were evaluation system. Evaluation content only now on different kinds of emergencies emergency management ability，and considering the ability of emergency management in different stages，and covering the various elements of the emergency response，from multi-dimensional emergency management ability of evaluation. This paper assesses the most Chinese cities through this index system，and analyzes the evaluation results.