2015 was an election year in Israel，and after encountering bitter setbacks，Benjamin Netanyahu won a historic fourth term. In the first year of the new administration，the security situation in Israel remained tense，with a wave of terrorist attacks surging since September. Compounding the domestic situation，international anti-Semitism and anti-Israel pressure continued to touch the nerves of the Israeli consciousness；the Israeli-Palestinian peace talk came to a standstill，while the trend of political fragmentation in the Middle East appeared more and more pronounced. The Israelis have expressed extreme anxiety about the Iran nuclear deal. Nonetheless，the new government solidified its base with effective social governance. The domestic economy continued to demonstrate a respectable growth rate，achieving a GDP increase of 2.5%. The competitive advantage of innovation nation was successfully maintained and the Gross National Happiness Index of Israel ranked 11 in the world. But how to further satisfy the strong appeals of security and well-being issues，how to make true progress in curbing price increases，narrowing the widening gap between rich and poor，promoting social equity，striking terrorist attacks，relieving the pressure of geopolitical environment and expanding its diplomatic space will continue to challenge the governance capacity of Netanyahu government.